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Picture

Sura Al-Fatiha

Introduction

Sura Al-Fatiha (Arabic: سورة الفاتحة‎, "The Opening") is the first chapter of the Qur'an in first part (Juz also called Para) of the Quran with 7 Ayats. Its seven verses are a prayer for ALLAH's guidance, and stress its lordship and mercy. This chapter has an essential role in Salaatu ALLAH (Prayer of God); Muslims recite the Sura Al-Fatiha at least seventeen times a day, at the start of each unit of prayer.

تعارف

سورۂ فاتحہ (فاتحہ کے معنی افتتاح ,آغاز) قرآن مجید میں ترتیب کے لحاظ سے پہلی سورت ہے جو  قرآن مجید کے پہلے پارہ میں ہے.یہ سورہ   حضرت محمد صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ و سلم کی زندگی کے مکی دور میں نازل ہوئی۔ اس کی آیات کی تعداد 7 ہے۔ یہ انتہائی اہم سورت اور ہر نماز میں پڑھی جاتی ہے، اس کے بغیر نماز نہیں ہوتی۔

Name

This Surah is named "Al-Fatihah" because of its subject-matter. Fatihah is that which opens a subject or a book or any other thing. In other words, Al-Fatihah is a sort of preface.

نام

اس کا نام ‘‘الفاتحہ’’ اس کے مضمون کی مناسبت سے ہے۔ ‘‘فاتحہ’’ اس چیز کو کہتے ہیں جس سے کسی مضمون یا کتاب یا کسی شے کا افتتاح ہو۔ دوسرے الفاظ میں یوں سمجھیے کہ یہ نام ‘‘دیباچہ’’اور إٓغازِکلام کے ہم معنی ہے ۔

Period of Revelation

It is one of the very earliest Revelations to the Holy Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him). As a matter of fact, we learn from authentic Traditions that it was the first complete Surah which was revealed to Mohammad (Peace Be Upon Him). Before this, only a few miscellaneous Verses were revealed which form parts of Alaq, Muzzammil, Muddaththir, etc.

زمانہ ٴنزول

یہ نبوت محمدی صلی اللہ علیہ والہ وسلم کے بالکل ابتدائی زمانہ کی سورت ہے ۔ بلکہ معتبر روایات سے معلوم ہوتاہے کہ سب سے پہلی مکمل سورت جو محمد صلی اللہ علیہ والہ وسلم پر نازل ہوئی وہ یہی ہے ۔اس سے پہلے صرف متفرق آیات نازل ہوئی تھیں جو سورہ علق، سورہ مزمل ،اور سورہ مدثر وغیرہ میں شامل ہیں۔

Theme

This Surah is in fact a prayer which ALLAH has taught to all those who want to make a study of His book. It has been placed at the very beginning of the book to teach this lesson to the reader: if you sincerely want to benefit from the Quran, you should offer this prayer to the Lord of the Universe.
This preface is meant to create a strong desire in the heart of the reader to seek guidance from the Lord of the Universe, Who alone can grant it. Thus Al-Fatihah indirectly teaches that the best thing for a man is to pray for guidance to the straight path, to study the Quran with the mental attitude of a seeker- after-truth and to recognize the fact that the Lord of the Universe is the source of all knowledge. He should, therefore, begin the study of the Quran with a prayer to him for guidance.
From this theme, it becomes clear that the real relation between Al-Fatihah and the Quran is not that of an introduction to a book but that of a prayer and its answer. Al-Fatihah is the prayer from the servant and the Quran is the answer from the Master to his prayer. The servant prays to ALLAH to show him guidance and the Master places the whole of the Quran before him in answer to his prayer, as if to say, "This is the Guidance you begged from Me."

مضمون

دراصل یہ سورہ ایک دعا ہے جو خدا نے ہر اس انسان کا سکھائی ہے جو اس کتاب کا مطالعہ شروع کر رہا ہو۔ کتاب کی ابتدا میں اس کو رکھنے کا مطلب یہ ہے کہ اگر تم واقعی اس کتاب سے فائدہ اٹھانا چاہتے ہو تو پہلے خدا وند عالَم سے یہ دعا کرو۔ انسان فطرةً دعا اسی چیز کی کیا کرتا ہے جس کی طلب اور خواہش اس کے دل میں ہوتی ہے ،اور اسی صورت میں کرتا ہے جبکہ اسے یہ احساس ہو کہ اس کی مطلوب چیز اس ہستی کے اختیار میں ہے جس سے وہ دعا کر رہا ہے ۔پس قرآن کی ابتدا میں اِ س دعا کی تعلیم دے کر گویا انسان کو یہ تلقین کی گئی ہے کہ وہ اس کتاب کو راہ راست کی جستجو کے لیے پڑھے، طالبِ حق کی سی ذہنیت لے کر پڑھے، اور یہ جان لے کہ علم کا سرچشمہ خداوندِعالم ہے ،اس لیے اسی سے راہنمائی کی درخواست کرکے پڑھنے کا آغاز کرے۔ اس مضمون کو سمجھ لینے کے بعد یہ بات خود واضح ہوجاتی ہے کہ قرآن اورسورہ فاتحہ کے درمیان حقیقی تعلق کتاب اور اس کے مقدمے کا سا نہیں بلکہ دعا اور جوابِ دعا کا سا ہے ۔سورہ فاتحہ ایک دعا ہے بندے کی جانب سے ،اور قرآن اس کا جواب ہے خدا کی جانب سے ۔ بندہ دعا کرتا ہے کہ اے پروردگار ! میری رہنمائی کر ۔جواب میں پروردگار پورا قرآن اس کے سامنے رکھ دیتا ہے کہ یہ ہے وہ ہدایت ورہنمائی جس کی درخواست تونے مجھ سے کی ہے۔

Sura With Tafsir and Translation

01:Sura Al-Fatiha In English
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