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Sura Ibrahim

Introduction

Sura Ibrahim [Arabic: سورة إبراهيم,Prophet Ibrahim {Abraham} (Peace On Him)] is the 14th sura of the Qur'an in 13th part (Juz) of the Quarn with 52 ayat. It is a Makkan sura.

تعارف

سورہ ابراہیم (نام نبی حضرت ابراہیم علیہ السلام سے ماخوذ ہے) قرآن مجید کی 14 ویں سورت جو قرآن کے 13 ویں پارہ میں ہے ۔ حضور نبی کریم صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ و سلم کی زندگی کے مکی دور کے اخیر زمانے میں نازل ہوئی۔ اس سورت میں 7 رکوع اور 52 آیات ہیں۔

Name

The Surah takes its name from Verse No. 35 (Arabic: وَإِذْ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ رَبِّ اجْعَلْ هَـٰذَا الْبَلَدَ آمِنًا وَاجْنُبْنِي وَبَنِيَّ أَن نَّعْبُدَ الْأَصْنَامَ) in which mention has been made of Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham) (Peace On Him). But it does not mean that it contains the life story of Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham) (Peace On Him). The name is merely a symbol lid the names of many other surahs, i.e., the Surah in which Abraham's (Peace On Him) mention has been made.

نام

آیت ۳۵ کے فقرے وَإِذْ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ رَبِّ اجْعَلْ هَـٰذَا الْبَلَدَ آمِنًا وَاجْنُبْنِي وَبَنِيَّ أَن نَّعْبُدَ الْأَصْنَامَ، سے ماخوذ ہے۔ اس نام کا مطلب یہ نہیں ہے کہ اس سور ہ میں حضرت ابراہیم  علیہ السلام کی سوانح عمری بیان ہوئی ہے، بلکہ یہ بھی اکثر سورتوں کے ناموں کی طرح علامت کے طور پر ہے۔ یعنی وہ سورہ جس میں ابراہیم علیہ السلام کا ذکر آیا ہے۔ 

Period of Revelation

It appears from the tone of the Surah that it belongs to that group of the Surahs which were revealed during the last stage of the Makkan period. For instance, Verse No.13 "The disbelievers warned their Messengers,you shall have to return to our community or we will assuredly expel you from our land", clearly indicates that the persecution of the Muslims was at its worst at the time of the revelation of this Surah, and the people of Makkah were bent on expelling the Believers from there like the disbelievers of the former Prophets. That is why in Verse No.14 they have been warned, "We will destroy these evil doers," and the Believers have been comforted as were the believers before them, "And after them settle you in the land" Likewise the stern warning contained in the concluding portion (Verse No. 43-52 also confirms that the Surah relates to the last stage of the Makkan Period)

زمانہ ٴنزول

عام اندازِ بیان مکّہ کے آخری دور کی سورتوں کا سا ہے۔ سورۂ رعد سے قریب زمانہ ہی کی نازل شدہ معلوم ہوتی ہے۔ خصُوصًا آیت ۱۳ کے الفاظ وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لِرُسُلِهِمْ لَنُخْرِجَنَّكُم مِّنْ أَرْضِنَا أَوْ لَتَعُودُنَّ فِي مِلَّتِنَا ۖ فَأَوْحَىٰ إِلَيْهِمْ رَبُّهُمْ لَنُهْلِكَنَّ الظَّالِمِينَ (اور کافروں نے اپنے رسولوں سے کہا ہم ضرور تمہیں اپنی زمین سے نکال دیں گے یا تم ہمارے دین پر کچھ ہوجاؤ، تو انہیں ان کے رب نے وحی بھیجی کہ ہم ضرور ظالموں کو ہلاک کریں گے) کا صاف اشارہ اس طرف ہے کہ اُس وقت مکہ میں مسلمانوں پر ظلم و ستم انتہا کو پہنچ چکا تھا اور اہلِ مکہ پچھلی کا فر قوموں کی طرح اپنے ہاں کے اہلِ ایمان کو خارج البلد کر دینے پر تُل گئے تھے ۔ اسی بناپر ان کو وہ دھمکی سنائی گئی جو اُن کے سے رویّہ پر چلنے والی پچھلی قوموں کو دی گئی تھی کہ لَنُھْلِکَنَّ الظّٰلِمِیْنَ (ہم ظالموں کو ہلاک کر کے رہیں گے) اور اہلِ ایمان کو وہی تسلی دی گئی جو ان کے پیش رووں کو دی جاتی رہی ہے کہ لَنُسْکِنَنَّکُمُ الْاَرْضَ مِنْ م بَعْدِھِمْ (ہم ان ظالموں کو ختم کر نے کے بعد تم ہی کو ا س سر زمین میں آباد کریں گے)۔ 

Central Theme and Purpose

This Surah is an admonition and a warning to the disbelievers who were rejecting the Message of the Holy Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him) and devising cunning schemes to defeat his Mission. But warning, reproof, censure and reproach dominate admonition. This is because a good deal of admonition had already been made in the preceding Surahs, but in spite of this their obduracy, enmity, antagonism, mischief, persecution etc. had rather increased.

مرکزی مضمون اور مُدّعا 

جولوگ نبی صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ و سلم کی رسالت کو ماننے سے انکار کر رہے تھے اور آپ کی دعوت کو ناکام کر نے کے لیے ہر طرح کی بد تر سے بدتر چالیں چل رہے تھے ان کی فہمائش اور تنبیہ۔ لیکن فہمائش کی بہ نسبت اس سورہ میں تنبیہ اور ملامت اور زجر و توبیخ کا انداز زیادہ تیز ہے۔ اس کی وجہ یہ ہےکہ تفہیم کا حق اس سے پہلے کی سورتوں میں بخوبی ادا کیا جا چکا تھا اور اس کے باوجود کفارِ قریش کی ہٹ دھرمی ، عناد، مزاحمت ، شرارت اور ظلم و جود میں روز بروز اضافہ ہی ہوتا چلا جا رہا تھا۔

Sura With Tafsir and Translation

14:Sura Ibrahim In English
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