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Picture

Sura As-Saaffat 

Introduction

Sura As-Saaffat (Arabic: سورة الصافات‎) (Those Who Set The Ranks, Drawn Up In Ranks) is the 37th sura of the Qur'an in 23th part (Juz) of the Quran with 182 ayat.

تعارف

سورہ الصافات (وہ جو درجات مقرر کرتاہے یعنی اللہ) قرآن مجید کی 37 ویں سورت ہےجوقرآن مجید کے23 پارےمیں ہے جس میں 5 رکوع اور 182 آیات ہیں۔ 

Name

The name is derived from the word was "Saaffat" with which the Surah begins.

نام

پہلی ہی آیت کے لفظ و الصافات سے ماخوذ ہے ۔ 

Period of Revelation

The subject matter and the style show that this Surah probably was sent down in the middle of the Makkan period, or perhaps in the last stage of the middle Makkan period. The style clearly indicates that antagonism is raging strong in the background and the Holy Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him) and his Companions are passing through very difficult and discouraging circumstances.

زمانۂ نزول


مضامین اور طرز کلام سے مترشح ہوتا ہے کہ یہ سورت غالباً مکّی دور کے وسط میں ، بلکہ شاید اس دور متوسط کے بھی آخری زمانہ میں نازل ہوئی ہے ۔ اندازِ بیان صاف بتا رہا ہے کہ پس منظر میں مخالفت پوری شدت کے ساتھ برپا ہے اور نبی و اصحاب نبی صلی اللہ علیہ و سلم کو نہایت دل شکن حالات سے سابقہ در پیش ہے

Subject Matter and Theme

The disbelievers of Makkah have been severely warned for their attitude of mockery and derision with which they were responding to the Holy Prophet's message of Tauhid and the Hereafter and for their utter refusal to accept and acknowledge his claim to Prophethood. In the end, they have been plainly warned that the Prophet whom they are mocking and ridiculing will overwhelm them in spite of their power and self and they will find the army of ALLAH encamping in the very courtyards of their houses Verse No. 171-179. This notice was given at a time when there appeared no chance whatever of the Holy Prophet's success and triumph. The Muslims (Who have been called ALLAH's army in these Verses) were being made the target of severe persecution. Three- fourth of their population had already emigrated and hardly 40 to 50 of the Companions were left with the Holy Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him) in Makkah who were experiencing all sorts of the excesses with utter helplessness. Under such circumstances, in view of the apparent conditions, no one could believe that the Holy Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him) and the handful of his ill equipped Companions would ultimately attain dominance. The people rather thought that the new movement would end and be buried in the ravines of Makkah. But hardly 15 to 16 years had passed when on the conquest of Makkah precisely the same thing happened of which the disbelievers had been forewarned.
Along with administering warnings, ALLAH in this Surah has done full justice also to the theme of inducement and instruction in a balanced way. Brief but impressive arguments have been given about the validity of the doctrines of Tauhid and the Hereafter. Criticism has been made of the creed of the mushrikin to show the absurdity of their beliefs; they have been informed of the evil consequences of their deviations, which have been contrasted with the splendid results of the faith and righteous acts. Then, in continuation of the same, Precedents from past history have been cited to show how ALLAH had been treating His Prophets and their followers : how He has been favoring His faithful servants and punishing their deniers and rejectors.
The most instructive of the historical narratives presented in this Surah is the important event of the pious life of the Prophet Abraham (Peace On Him), who became ready to sacrifice his only son as soon as he received an inspiration from ALLAH. In this there was a lesson not only for the disbelieving Quraish, who waxed proud of their blood relationship with him, but also for the Muslims who had believed in ALLAH and His Messenger. By narrating this event they were told what is the essence and the real spirit of Islam, and how a true believer should be ready to sacrifice his all for the pleasure and approval of ALLAH after he has adopted it as his Faith and Creed.
The last Verses of the Surah were not only a warning for the disbelievers but also a good news for the believers who were passing through highly unfavorable and discouraging conditions on account of their supporting and following the Holy Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him). In these verses they were given the good news that they should not be disheartened at the hardships and difficulties they had to encounter in the beginning, for in the end they alone would attain dominance, and the standard bearers of falsehood, who appeared to be dominant at the time would be overwhelmed and vanquished at their hands. A few years later the turn the events took, proved that it was not an empty consolation but an inevitable reality of which they had been foretold in order to strengthen their hearts.

موضوع و مضمون

اس وقت نبی صلی اللہ علیہ و سلم کی دعوتِ توحید و آخرت کا جواب جس تمسخر اور استہزاء کے ساتھ دیا جا رہا تھا، اور آپ کے دعوائے رسالت کو تسلیم کرنے سے جس شدت کے ساتھ انکار کیا جا رہا تھا ، اس پر کفار مکہ کو نہایت پر زور طریقہ سے تنبیہ کی گئی ہے اور آخر میں انہیں صاف صاف خبردار کر دیا گیا ہے کہ عنقریب یہی پیغمبر، جس کا تم مذاق اُڑا رہے ہو، تمہارے دیکھتے دیکھتے تم پر غالب آ جائے گا اور تم اللہ کے لشکر کو خود اپنے گھر کے صحن میں اُترا ہوا پاؤ گے (آیت نمبر 171 تا 179)۔ یہ نوٹس اس زمانے میں دیا گیا تھا جب نبی صلی اللہ علیہ و سلم کی کامیابی کے آثار دور دور کہیں نظر نہ آتے تھے ۔ مسلمان (جن کو ان آیات میں اللہ کا لشکر کہا گیا ہے )بُری طرح ظلم و ستم کا نشانہ بن رہے تھے ۔ان کی تین چوتھائی تعداد ملک چھوڑ کر نکل گئی تھی۔ نبی صلی اللہ علیہ و سلم کے ساتھ بمشکل 40۔ 50 صحابہ مکہ میں رہ گئے تھا اور انتہائی بے بسی کے ساتھ ہر طرح کی زیادتیاں برداشت کر رہے تھے ۔ ان حالات میں ظاہر اسباب کو دیکھتے ہوئے کوئی شخص یہ باور نہ کر سکتا تھا کہ غلبہ آخر کار محمد صلی اللہ علیہ و سلم اور آپ کی مٹھی بھر سر و سامان جماعت کو نصیب ہو گا۔ بلکہ دیکھنے والے تو یہ سمجھ رہے تھے کہ یہ تحریک مکے کی گھاٹیوں ہی میں دفن ہو کر رہ جائے گی۔ لیکن 15 ۔ 16 سال سے زیادہ مدت نہ گزری تھی کہ فتح مکہ کے موقع پر ٹھیک وہی کچھ پیش آگیا جس سے کفار کو خبردار کیا گیا تھا۔ 
تنبیہ کے ساتھ ساتھ اللہ تعالیٰ نے اس سورہ میں تفہیم اور ترغیب کا حق بھی پورے توازن کے ساتھ ادا فرمایا ہے ۔ توحید اور آخرت کے عقیدے کی صحت پر منحصر دل نشین دلائل دیے ہیں ، مشرکین کے عقائد پر تنقید کر کے بتایا ہے کہ وہ کیسی لغو باتوں پر ایمان لائے بیٹھے ہیں ، ان گمراہیوں کے برے نتائج سے آگاہ کیا ہے اور یہ بھی بتایا ہے کہ ایمان و عمل صالح کے نتائج کس ادر شاندار ہیں ۔ پھر اسی سلسلے میں پچھلی تاریخ کی مثالیں دی ہیں جن سے معلوم ہوتا ہے کہ اللہ تعالیٰ کا اپنے انبیاءعلیہ السلام  کے ساتھ اور ان کی قوموں کے ساتھ کیا معاملہ رہا ہے ، کس کس طرح اس نے اپنے وفادار بندوں کو نوازا ہے اور کس طرح ان کے جھٹلانے والوں کو سزا دی ہے ۔ 
جو تاریخی قصے اس سورہ میں بیان کیے گئے ہیں ان میں سب سے زیادہ سبق آموز حضرت ابراہیم علیہ السلام کی حیات طیّبہ کا یہ اہم واقعہ ہے کہ وہ اللہ تعالیٰ کا ایک اشارہ پاتے ہی اپنے اکلوتے بیٹے کو قربان کرنے پر آمادہ ہو گئے تھے ۔اس میں صرف ان کفار قریش ہی کے لیے سبق نہ تھا جو حضرت ابراہیم علیہ السلام  کے ساتھ اپنے نسبی تعلق پر فخر کرتے پھرتے تھے ،بلکہ ان مسلمانوں کے لیے بھی سبق تھا جو اللہ اور اس کے رسول پر ایمان لائے تھے ۔ یہ واقعہ سنا کر انہیں بتا دیا گیا کہ اسلام کی حقیقت اور اس کی اصلی روح کیا ہے ، اور اسے اپنا دین بنا لینے کے بعد ایک مومن صادق کو کس طرح اللہ کی رضا پر اپنا سب کچھ قربان کر دینے کے لیے تیار ہو جانا چاہیے ۔
سورہ کی آخری آیات محض کفار کے لیے تنبیہ ہی نہ تھیں بلکہ ان اہل ایمان کے لیے بشارت بھی تھیں جو نبی صلی اللہ علیہ و سلم کی تائید و حمایت میں انتہائی حوصلہ شکن حالات کا مقابلہ کر رہے تھے ۔ انہیں یہ آیات سنا کر خوشخبری دے دی گئی کہ آغاز کار میں جن مصائب سے انہیں سابقہ پیش آ رہا ہے ان پر گھبرائیں نہیں ، آخر کار غلبہ ان ہی کو نصیب ہو گا، اور باطل کے وہ علمبردار جو اس وقت غالب نظر آ رہے ہیں ، انہی کے ہاتھوں مغلوب و مفتوح ہو کر رہیں گے ۔ چند ہی سال بعد واقعات نے بتا دیا کہ یہ محض خالی تسلی نہ تھی بلکہ ایک ہونے والا واقعہ تھا جس کی پیشگی خبر دے کر ان کے دل مضبوط کیے گئے تھے

Sura With Tafsir and Translation

37:Sura As-Saaffat In Urdu
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37:Sura As-Saaffat In English
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